Shariah principles for receiving deposits

Shariah principles for receiving deposits

Islamic banks receive deposits under two principles:

i)          Al-Wadeeah principle.

ii)         Mudaraba principle.

Al-Wadeeah:

Fund which is deposited with Banks by the depositors with clear permission to utilize /

invest the same is called Al-Wadeeah. Islamic banks receive deposits in Current Accounts on

the basis of this Al-Wadeeah Principle. Islamic banks obtain permission from the Al-

Wadeeah depositors to utilise the Funds at its own responsibility and the depositors would not

share any profit or loss earned/incurred out of using of this funds by the bank. The banks

have to pay back the deposits received on the principle of Al-Wadeeah on demand of the

holders. The depositors have to pay goverment taxes and other charges, if any.

Mudaraba:

Mudaraba is a partnership of labour and capital, where one partner provides full capital and

the other one manages the business. The capital provider is called Sahib-Al-Maal and the user

of the capital is called Mudarib. As per Shariah principles, the Mudarib will conduct the

business independently following Shariah principles. The Sahib-Al-Maal may provide

advices, if he deems fit but he can not impose any decision over the Mudarib. Profit, if any, is

divisible between the Sahib-Al-Maal and the Mudarib at a predetermined ratio, while loss, if

any, is borne by the Sahib-Al-Maal. Mudarib can not avail of any salary or remuneration

against his labour as a manager or conductor of the enterprise/business. The deposits,

received by Islamic banks under this principle are called Mudaraba Deposits. Here, the

depositors are called Sahib-Al-Maal and the bank is called Mudarib. The Mudaraba deposits

include:

i)          Mudaraba Savings Deposits (MSD)

ii)         Mudaraba Short Notice Deposits (MSND)

iii)        Mudaraba Term Deposits (MTD).

Different Islamic banks have developed various deposit schemes on the basis of this Mudaraba principle such as monthly deposit-based Hajj Scheme, Monthly/One time depositbased Term Deposit Scheme, Monthly Mudaraba Profit Deposit Scheme, Monthly Mudaraba Marriage Savings